1. Gabatarwa ga Entennas
Eriya tsari ne na sauyawa tsakanin sarari kyauta da layin watsawa, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1. Layin watsawa na iya zama a cikin nau'in layin coaxial ko bututu mai rami (jagorar wave), wanda ake amfani da shi don aika makamashin lantarki daga tushe zuwa eriya, ko daga eriya zuwa mai karɓa. Na farko eriya ce mai watsawa, na biyu kuma mai karɓa ne.eriya.
Hoto na 1 Hanyar watsa makamashin lantarki
Ana wakiltar watsa tsarin eriya a yanayin watsawa na Hoto na 1 ta hanyar daidai da Thevenin kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2, inda tushen ya kasance yana wakiltar injin samar da sigina mai kyau, layin watsawa yana wakiltar layi mai halayyar juriyar Zc, kuma eriya tana wakiltar nauyin ZA [ZA = (RL + Rr) + jXA]. RL juriyar kaya yana wakiltar asarar watsawa da asarar dielectric da ke da alaƙa da tsarin eriya, yayin da Rr yana wakiltar juriyar radiation na eriya, kuma ana amfani da amsawar XA don wakiltar ɓangaren tunani na impedance da ke da alaƙa da radiation na eriya. A ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau, duk kuzarin da tushen siginar ke samarwa ya kamata a canja shi zuwa Rr juriyar radiation, wanda ake amfani da shi don wakiltar ƙarfin radiation na eriya. Duk da haka, a aikace-aikace, akwai asarar conductor-dielectric saboda halayen layin watsawa da eriya, da kuma asarar da aka haifar da tunani (rashin daidaituwa) tsakanin layin watsawa da eriya. Idan aka yi la'akari da tasirin tushen da kuma yin watsi da asarar layin watsawa da tunani (rashin daidaituwa), ana samar da matsakaicin ƙarfi ga eriya a ƙarƙashin daidaitawar haɗin gwiwa.
Hoto na 2
Saboda rashin daidaito tsakanin layin watsawa da eriya, raƙuman da aka nuna daga mahaɗin suna haɗuwa da raƙuman da suka faru daga tushe zuwa eriya don samar da raƙuman da ke tsaye, wanda ke wakiltar yawan kuzari da ajiya kuma na'urar resonant ce ta yau da kullun. An nuna tsarin raƙuman da ke tsaye na yau da kullun ta hanyar layin da aka nuna a Hoto na 2. Idan ba a tsara tsarin eriya yadda ya kamata ba, layin watsawa zai iya aiki azaman kayan ajiyar makamashi maimakon na'urar jagorar raƙuman ruwa da na'urar watsa makamashi.
Asarar da layin watsawa, eriya da raƙuman ruwa masu tsayawa ke haifarwa ba su da kyau. Ana iya rage asarar layi ta hanyar zaɓar layukan watsawa masu ƙarancin asara, yayin da asarar eriya za a iya rage ta ta hanyar rage juriyar asara da RL ta wakilta a Hoto na 2. Ana iya rage raƙuman ruwa masu tsayawa kuma ana iya rage ajiyar makamashi a cikin layin ta hanyar daidaita juriyar eriya (nauyi) da halayyar juriyar layin.
A cikin tsarin mara waya, ban da karɓar makamashi ko watsa shi, yawanci ana buƙatar eriya don haɓaka makamashin da aka watsa a wasu hanyoyi da kuma danne makamashin da aka watsa a wasu hanyoyi. Saboda haka, baya ga na'urorin ganowa, dole ne a yi amfani da eriya a matsayin na'urorin jagora. Eriya na iya kasancewa a cikin nau'i daban-daban don biyan takamaiman buƙatu. Yana iya zama waya, buɗewa, faci, haɗa abubuwa (jeri), mai nuna haske, ruwan tabarau, da sauransu.
A cikin tsarin sadarwa mara waya, eriya suna ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke cikinta. Kyakkyawan ƙirar eriya na iya rage buƙatun tsarin da inganta aikin tsarin gabaɗaya. Misali na yau da kullun shine talabijin, inda za a iya inganta karɓar watsa shirye-shirye ta amfani da eriya masu aiki mai girma. Eriya suna ga tsarin sadarwa kamar yadda ido yake ga mutane.
2. Rarraba Eriya
Eriya ta ƙaho eriya ce mai siffar murabba'i, eriya ta microwave mai siffar murabba'i mai zagaye ko kusurwa huɗu wanda ke buɗewa a hankali a ƙarshen jagorar waveguide. Ita ce nau'in eriya ta microwave da aka fi amfani da ita. Ana ƙayyade filin haskenta ta girman buɗewar ƙaho da nau'in yaɗuwa. Daga cikinsu, ana iya ƙididdige tasirin bangon ƙaho akan hasken ta amfani da ƙa'idar rarrabuwar ƙaho. Idan tsawon ƙaho bai canza ba, girman buɗewa da bambancin matakin quadratic za su ƙaru tare da ƙaruwar kusurwar buɗe ƙaho, amma ribar ba za ta canza tare da girman buɗewa ba. Idan ana buƙatar faɗaɗa mitar ƙaho, ya zama dole a rage haske a wuya da buɗewar ƙaho; haskakawa zai ragu yayin da girman buɗewa ke ƙaruwa. Tsarin eriya ta ƙaho yana da sauƙi, kuma tsarin radiation kuma yana da sauƙi kuma mai sauƙin sarrafawa. Gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi azaman eriya mai matsakaiciyar hanya. Ana amfani da eriya ta ƙaho mai haske ta Parabolic tare da faɗin bandwidth, ƙananan lobes na gefe da ingantaccen aiki sosai a cikin sadarwa ta relay na microwave.
RM-DCPHA105145-20(10.5-14.5GHz)
RM-BDHA1850-20(18-50GHz)
RM-SGHA430-10(1.70-2.60GHz)
2. Eriya ta Microstrip
Tsarin eriya ta microstrip gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi substrate na dielectric, radiator da ground plane. Kauri na substrate na dielectric ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da tsawon tsayi. An haɗa siririn Layer na ƙarfe a ƙasan substrate da ƙasa plane, kuma siririn Layer na ƙarfe mai takamaiman siffa ana yin sa a gaba ta hanyar aikin photolithography a matsayin radiator. Ana iya canza siffar radiator ta hanyoyi da yawa bisa ga buƙatu.
Ci gaban fasahar haɗakar na'urorin microwave da sabbin hanyoyin kera na'urori ya ƙarfafa ci gaban na'urorin microstrip. Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin microstrip na gargajiya, na'urorin microstrip ba wai kawai suna da ƙanana ba, suna da nauyi kaɗan, suna da sauƙin daidaitawa, suna da sauƙin haɗawa, suna da ƙarancin farashi, sun dace da samar da kayayyaki da yawa, kuma suna da fa'idodin nau'ikan kayan lantarki daban-daban.
RM-MA424435-22(4.25-4.35GHz)
RM-MA25527-22(25.5-27GHz)
3. Eriya mai amfani da ramin jagora
Eriya ta ramin waveguide eriya ce da ke amfani da ramuka a cikin tsarin jagorar waveguide don cimma hasken rana. Yawanci tana ƙunshe da faranti biyu na ƙarfe masu layi ɗaya waɗanda ke samar da jagorar waveguide tare da ƙaramin rata tsakanin faranti biyu. Lokacin da raƙuman lantarki suka ratsa ta cikin ratar jagorar waveguide, wani lamari mai kama da haka zai faru, ta haka ne ke samar da ƙarfin filin lantarki kusa da ratar don cimma hasken rana. Saboda sauƙin tsarinta, eriya ta ramin waveguide na iya samun hasken watsawa mai ƙarfi da inganci, don haka ana amfani da ita sosai a cikin radar, sadarwa, na'urori masu auna mara waya da sauran filayen a cikin madaurin wave na microwave da milimita. Fa'idodinta sun haɗa da ingantaccen hasken rana, halayen watsawa da kyakkyawan ikon hana tsangwama, don haka injiniyoyi da masu bincike sun fi so.
RM-PA7087-43(71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32(10.75-14.5GHz)
RM-SWA910-22(9-10GHz)
Eriya ta Biconical eriya ce mai faɗin maganadisu mai tsarin biconical, wadda ke da alaƙa da amsawar mita mai faɗi da kuma ingantaccen hasken radiation mai yawa. Sassan biyu na mazugi na biconical suna da daidaito da juna. Ta wannan tsari, ana iya cimma ingantaccen hasken radiation a cikin faɗin mita. Yawanci ana amfani da shi a fannoni kamar nazarin bakan, auna hasken radiation da gwajin EMC (daidaito na lantarki). Yana da kyawawan daidaiton juriya da halayen hasken radiation kuma ya dace da yanayin aikace-aikace waɗanda ke buƙatar rufe mita da yawa.
RM-BCA2428-4(24-28GHz)
RM-BCA218-4（2-18GHz)
Eriya mai karkace eriya ce mai girman broadband wacce ke da tsarin karkace, wanda ke da alaƙa da amsawar mita mai faɗi da kuma ingantaccen radiation mai yawa. Eriya mai karkace tana samun bambancin polarization da halayen radiation mai faɗin band ta hanyar tsarin na'urorin karkace, kuma ta dace da tsarin radar, sadarwa ta tauraron dan adam da tsarin sadarwa mara waya.
RM-PSA0756-3(0.75-6GHz)
RM-PSA218-2R(2-18GHz)
Don ƙarin koyo game da eriya, da fatan za a ziyarci:
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-14-2024
