1. Gabatarwa zuwa Eriya
Eriya tsarin canzawa ne tsakanin sarari kyauta da layin watsawa, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 1. Layin watsawa zai iya kasancewa cikin nau'in layin coaxial ko bututu mai zurfi (waveguide), wanda ake amfani dashi don watsa makamashin lantarki daga tushe. zuwa eriya, ko daga eriya zuwa mai karɓa. Tsohuwar eriya ce mai watsawa, kuma na ƙarshen karɓa neeriya.
Hoto 1 Hanyar watsa makamashin lantarki
Watsawar tsarin eriya a cikin yanayin watsawa na Hoto 1 yana wakilta ta Thevenin daidai kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 2, inda tushen ke wakilta ta hanyar ingantacciyar siginar sigina, layin watsawa yana wakilta ta hanyar layi tare da madaidaicin impedance Zc, kuma eriya tana wakilta da kaya ZA [ZA = (RL + Rr) + jXA]. Juriya na lodi RL yana wakiltar gudanarwa da asarar dielectric da ke da alaƙa da tsarin eriya, yayin da Rr ke wakiltar juriya na eriya, kuma ana amfani da reactance XA don wakiltar ɓangaren hasashe na impedance mai alaƙa da radiation eriya. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, duk makamashin da aka samar ta hanyar siginar ya kamata a canza shi zuwa juriya na radiation Rr, wanda ake amfani da shi don wakiltar ikon radiation na eriya. Koyaya, a cikin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen, akwai asarar madugu-dielectric saboda halayen layin watsawa da eriya, da kuma asarar da ta haifar da tunani (rashin daidaituwa) tsakanin layin watsawa da eriya. Yin la'akari da rashin daidaituwa na ciki na tushen da kuma yin watsi da layin watsawa da hasara (rashin daidaituwa), ana ba da iyakar iko ga eriya a ƙarƙashin haɗin haɗin gwiwa.
Hoto 2
Saboda rashin daidaituwa tsakanin layin watsawa da eriya, igiyoyin da aka nuna daga mahaɗar suna da nauyi tare da girgizar da ta faru daga tushen zuwa eriya don samar da igiyar igiyar tsaye, wanda ke wakiltar maida hankali da ajiyar kuzari kuma shine na'urar da ta dace. Tsarin igiyoyin igiyar ruwa na yau da kullun ana nuna shi ta layin dige-dige a cikin Hoto 2. Idan tsarin eriya ba a tsara shi yadda ya kamata ba, layin watsawa na iya aiki da yawa azaman kayan ajiyar makamashi maimakon jagorar igiyar ruwa da na'urar watsa makamashi.
Asarar da layin watsa, eriya da igiyoyin ruwa suka haifar ba a so. Za'a iya rage yawan asarar layi ta hanyar zaɓar ƙananan layin watsawa, yayin da asarar eriya za a iya ragewa ta hanyar rage juriya da RL ke wakilta a cikin Hoto 2. Za'a iya rage raƙuman ruwa na tsaye kuma ana iya rage girman ajiyar makamashi a cikin layi ta hanyar daidaitawa da impedance. eriya (load) tare da halayen halayen layi.
A cikin tsarin mara waya, ban da karɓa ko watsa makamashi, ana buƙatar eriya yawanci don haɓaka makamashi mai haskakawa a wasu kwatance da kuma murƙushe hasken wuta a wasu wurare. Don haka, ban da na'urorin ganowa, dole ne a yi amfani da eriya a matsayin na'urorin jagora. Eriya na iya zama ta nau'i daban-daban don saduwa da takamaiman buƙatu. Yana iya zama waya, buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗiya, faci, haɗaɗɗun abubuwa (tsari), mai nuni, ruwan tabarau, da sauransu.
A cikin tsarin sadarwa mara waya, eriya na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi mahimmanci. Kyakkyawan ƙirar eriya na iya rage buƙatun tsarin da haɓaka aikin tsarin gaba ɗaya. Misali na yau da kullun shine talabijin, inda za'a iya inganta liyafar watsa shirye-shirye ta amfani da eriya masu inganci. Eriya shine tsarin sadarwa abin da idanu ke ga mutane.
2. Rarraba Antenna
Eriyar ƙaho eriya ce ta tsarawa, eriyar microwave tare da madauwari ko ɓangaren giciye na rectangular wanda a hankali yana buɗewa a ƙarshen jagorar wave. Ita ce nau'in eriya ta microwave da aka fi amfani da ita. Filin haskensa yana ƙayyade girman buɗaɗɗen ƙaho da nau'in yaduwa. Daga cikin su, ana iya ƙididdige tasirin bangon ƙaho akan radiation ta amfani da ka'idar diffraction na geometric. Idan tsayin ƙahon ya kasance bai canza ba, girman buɗewa da bambancin lokaci huɗu zai ƙaru tare da haɓaka kusurwar buɗe ƙaho, amma riba ba za ta canza tare da girman budewa ba. Idan mitar ƙaho yana buƙatar faɗaɗa, ya zama dole don rage tunani a wuyansa da buɗewar ƙaho; tunani zai ragu yayin da girman budewar ya karu. Tsarin eriyar ƙaho yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi, kuma tsarin radiation kuma yana da sauƙi da sauƙi don sarrafawa. Gabaɗaya ana amfani dashi azaman eriya ta tsakiya. An yi amfani da eriya na ƙaho na Parabolic tare da faɗin bandwidth, ƙananan lobes na gefe da ingantaccen inganci a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na lantarki.
RM-DCPHA105145-20(10.5-14.5GHz)
RM-BDHA1850-20(18-50GHz)
RM-SGHA430-10(1.70-2.60GHz)
2. Microstrip eriya
Tsarin eriyar microstrip gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi ɗigon lantarki, radiyo da jirgin ƙasa. Kauri daga cikin dielectric substrate ya fi ƙanƙanta da tsawo. Ƙarfe na bakin ciki a kasan ma'auni yana haɗuwa da jirgin ƙasa, kuma ƙananan ƙarfe na bakin ciki tare da takamaiman siffar ana yin shi a gaba ta hanyar aikin photolithography a matsayin radiator. Ana iya canza siffar radiator ta hanyoyi da yawa bisa ga buƙatun.
Haɓaka fasahar haɗin kai ta microwave da sabbin hanyoyin masana'antu sun haɓaka haɓaka eriyar microstrip. Idan aka kwatanta da eriya na gargajiya, eriya na microstrip ba kawai ƙananan girman ba ne, haske a nauyi, ƙarancin bayanin martaba, sauƙin daidaitawa, amma kuma mai sauƙin haɗawa, ƙarancin farashi, dacewa da samarwa da yawa, kuma suna da fa'idodi na kaddarorin lantarki iri-iri. .
RM-MA424435-22(4.25-4.35GHz)
RM-MA25527-22 (25.5-27GHz)
Eriyar ramin waveguide eriya ce da ke amfani da ramummuka a tsarin jagorar wave don cimma hasken wuta. Yawanci yana ƙunshi faranti guda biyu na karfe guda biyu waɗanda ke samar da jagorar igiyar ruwa tare da kunkuntar taza tsakanin faranti biyu. Lokacin da igiyoyin lantarki na lantarki suka ratsa ta tazarar waveguide, wani abin mamaki zai faru, wanda hakan zai haifar da filin lantarki mai ƙarfi kusa da tazarar don cimma radiation. Saboda tsarinsa mai sauƙi, eriyar ramin waveguide na iya samun damar watsa shirye-shiryen watsa shirye-shirye da ingantaccen radiation, don haka ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin radar, sadarwa, na'urori masu auna sigina da sauran fagage a cikin maɗaurin raƙuman ruwa na milimita. Amfaninta ya hada da ingantaccen wadatar radiation, halaye masu tarin yawa da kuma kwarewar tsangwama, saboda haka injiniyoyi ne da masu bincike.
RM-PA7087-43 (71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32 (10.75-14.5GHz)
RM-SWA910-22(9-10GHz)
Eriya Biconical eriya ce ta watsa shirye-shirye tare da tsarin biconical, wanda ke da fa'idar amsawar mitar mai yawa da ingantaccen tasirin radiation. Bangarorin juzu'i biyu na eriyar biconical suna daidaita juna. Ta hanyar wannan tsari, ana iya samun tasiri mai tasiri a cikin maɗaukakiyar mitar mita. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da shi a fagage kamar nazarin bakan, ma'aunin radiation da gwajin EMC (daidaituwar lantarki). Yana da kyau matching impedance da halayen radiation kuma ya dace da yanayin aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar rufe mitoci da yawa.
RM-Saukewa: BCA2428-4 (24-28GHz)
RM-BCA218-4 (2-18GHz)
Ƙaƙwalwar eriya eriya ce ta watsa shirye-shiryen watsa shirye-shirye tare da tsarin karkace, wanda ke da fa'ida ta amsawar mitar mai yawa da ingantaccen tasirin radiation. Ƙaƙwalwar eriya ta cimma bambance-bambancen polarization da halaye masu faɗin radiyo ta hanyar tsarin karkace mai ƙarfi, kuma ya dace da radar, sadarwar tauraron dan adam da tsarin sadarwa mara waya.
RM-PSA0756-3(0.75-6GHz)
RM-PSA218-2R(2-18GHz)
Don ƙarin koyo game da eriya, da fatan za a ziyarci:
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-14-2024
