siffa ta 1
1. Ingancin katako
Wani ma'auni da aka saba amfani da shi don tantance ingancin eriya mai watsawa da karɓa shine ingancin beam. Ga eriya mai babban lobe a cikin alkiblar z-axis kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1, an bayyana ingancin beam (BE) kamar haka:
Rabon wutar da aka watsa ko aka karɓa a cikin kusurwar mazugi θ1 zuwa jimlar wutar da aka watsa ko aka karɓa ta eriya. Ana iya rubuta dabarar da ke sama kamar haka:
Idan an zaɓi kusurwar da sifili na farko ko mafi ƙarancin ƙima ya bayyana a matsayin θ1, ingancin hasken yana wakiltar rabon wutar lantarki a cikin babban lobe zuwa jimlar ƙarfin. A cikin aikace-aikace kamar metrology, ilmin taurari, da radar, eriya tana buƙatar samun ingantaccen hasken lantarki mai yawa. Yawanci ana buƙatar fiye da kashi 90%, kuma ƙarfin da lobe na gefe ya samu dole ne ya zama ƙarami gwargwadon iko.
2. Bandwidth
Ana bayyana girman eriya a matsayin "kewayon mita wanda aikin wasu halaye na eriya ya cika takamaiman ƙa'idodi". Ana iya ɗaukar girman a matsayin kewayon mita a ɓangarorin biyu na mitar tsakiya (gabaɗaya yana nufin mitar amsawa) inda halayen eriya (kamar ƙarfin shigarwa, tsarin alkibla, faɗin haske, polarization, matakin gefe, riba, nuna haske, ingancin radiation) suna cikin kewayon da aka yarda da su bayan kwatanta ƙimar mitar tsakiya.
Ga eriya masu amfani da intanet, yawanci ana bayyana bandwidth a matsayin rabon mitar sama da ƙasa don aiki mai karɓuwa. Misali, bandwidth na 10:1 yana nufin cewa mitar sama ta ninka mitar ƙasa sau 10.
Ga eriya masu ɗaurewa, ana bayyana bandwidth a matsayin kashi na bambancin mita zuwa ƙimar tsakiya. Misali, bandwidth 5% yana nufin cewa kewayon mitar da aka yarda da ita shine 5% na mitar tsakiya.
Saboda halayen eriya (input impedance, direction model, gain, polarization, da sauransu) sun bambanta da mita, halayen bandwidth ba su da bambanci. Yawanci canje-canje a cikin direction model da input impedance sun bambanta. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar direction model bandwidth da impedance bandwidth don jaddada wannan bambanci. Direction model bandwidth yana da alaƙa da riba, matakin gefe, beamwidth, polarization da alkiblar beam, yayin da input impedance da radiation efficiency suna da alaƙa da impedance bandwidth. Yawancin lokaci ana bayyana bandwidth dangane da beamwidth, sidelobe stats, da kuma model halaye.
Tattaunawar da ke sama ta ɗauka cewa girman hanyar sadarwa ta haɗakarwa (transformer, counterpoise, da sauransu) da/ko eriya ba sa canzawa ta kowace hanya yayin da mitar ke canzawa. Idan ana iya daidaita mahimman ma'aunin eriya da/ko hanyar sadarwa ta haɗakarwa yadda ya kamata yayin da mitar ke canzawa, za a iya ƙara girman eriya mai ɗaurewa. Duk da cewa wannan ba aiki ne mai sauƙi ba gabaɗaya, akwai aikace-aikace inda za a iya cimma shi. Misali mafi yawan shine eriya ta rediyo a cikin rediyon mota, wacce yawanci tana da tsayin da za a iya daidaitawa wanda za a iya amfani da shi don daidaita eriya don samun ingantaccen karɓa.
Don ƙarin koyo game da eriya, da fatan za a ziyarci:
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-12-2024
