Labarai - Hanyoyin ciyarwa guda huɗu na eriya microstrip

Tsarin amicrostrip eriyagabaɗaya ya ƙunshi madaidaicin dielectric, radiator da farantin ƙasa. Kauri daga cikin dielectric substrate ya fi ƙanƙanta da tsawo. Ƙarfe na bakin ciki a ƙasa na substrate an haɗa shi da farantin ƙasa. A gefen gaba, ƙananan ƙarfe na bakin ciki tare da ƙayyadaddun tsari ana yin su ta hanyar aikin hoto a matsayin mai radiyo. Ana iya canza siffar farantin mai haskakawa ta hanyoyi da yawa bisa ga buƙatun.
Haɓaka fasahar haɗin kai ta microwave da sabbin hanyoyin masana'antu sun haɓaka haɓaka eriyar microstrip. Idan aka kwatanta da eriya na al'ada, eriya na microstrip ba kawai ƙananan girman ba ne, haske a nauyi, ƙananan bayanan martaba, sauƙi don daidaitawa, mai sauƙi don haɗawa, ƙananan farashi, kuma dace da samar da yawan jama'a, amma kuma suna da fa'idodi na kaddarorin lantarki daban-daban.

Hanyoyin ciyarwa guda huɗu na eriya microstrip sune kamar haka:

1. (Microstrip Feed): Wannan shine ɗayan hanyoyin ciyarwa na yau da kullun don eriya microstrip. Ana watsa siginar RF zuwa ɓangaren eriya mai haskakawa ta layin microstrip, yawanci ta hanyar haɗawa tsakanin layin microstrip da facin mai haskakawa. Wannan hanya mai sauƙi ce kuma mai sauƙi kuma ta dace da ƙirar eriya ta microstrip da yawa.

2. (Aperture-coupled Feed): Wannan hanyar tana amfani da ramummuka ko ramuka akan farantin tushe na eriyar microstrip don ciyar da layin microstrip a cikin radiating kashi na eriya. Wannan hanya za ta iya samar da ingantacciyar ma'auni na impedance da ingancin radiation, kuma yana iya rage faɗuwar katako a kwance da a tsaye na lobes na gefe.

3. (Proximity Coupled Feed): Wannan hanyar tana amfani da oscillator ko inductive element kusa da layin microstrip don ciyar da siginar cikin eriya. Yana iya samar da mafi girman madaidaicin impedance da mafi girman band mita, kuma ya dace da ƙirar eriya mai faɗi.

4. (Coaxial Feed): Wannan hanyar tana amfani da wayoyi na coplanar ko igiyoyin coaxial don ciyar da siginar RF cikin sashin haske na eriya. Wannan hanyar yawanci tana ba da ingantaccen madaidaicin impedance da ingancin radiation, kuma ta dace musamman ga yanayin da ake buƙatar ƙirar eriya ɗaya.

Hanyoyin ciyarwa daban-daban za su yi tasiri akan madaidaicin impedance, halayen mitar, ingancin radiation da tsarin jiki na eriya.

Yadda ake zaɓar wurin ciyarwar coaxial na eriyar microstrip

Lokacin zayyana eriyar microstrip, zaɓar wurin wurin ciyarwar coaxial yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da aikin eriya. Anan akwai wasu hanyoyin da aka ba da shawarar don zaɓar wuraren ciyarwar coaxial don eriya microstrip:

1. Alamu: Yi ƙoƙarin zaɓar wurin ciyarwar coaxial a tsakiyar eriyar microstrip don kula da daidaiton eriya. Wannan yana taimakawa inganta haɓakar eriya ta radiation da matching impedance.

2. Inda filin lantarki ya fi girma: An zaɓi madaidaicin abinci na coaxial a wurin da filin lantarki na eriyar microstrip ya fi girma, wanda zai iya inganta ingantaccen abinci da rage hasara.

3. Inda halin yanzu yana da iyaka: Za'a iya zaɓar ma'aunin abinci na coaxial kusa da matsayi inda halin yanzu na eriyar microstrip ya kasance mafi girma don samun ƙarfin radiation mafi girma da inganci.

4. Wurin filin lantarki na sifili a cikin yanayin guda ɗaya: A cikin ƙirar eriya ta microstrip, idan kuna son cimma hasken yanayin yanayin guda ɗaya, ana zaɓin ma'aunin abinci na coaxial a ma'aunin filin lantarki na sifili a cikin yanayin guda ɗaya don cimma mafi kyawun daidaitawar impedance da radiation. hali.

5. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga da ƙididdiga: Yi amfani da kayan aikin kwaikwayo don yin amfani da mita da wutar lantarki / nazarin rarrabawa na yanzu don ƙayyade wuri mafi kyau na coaxial feed point.

6. Yi la'akari da jagorancin katako: Idan ana buƙatar halayen radiation tare da takamaiman kai tsaye, za a iya zaɓar wurin wurin ciyar da coaxial bisa ga jagorancin katako don samun aikin radiation na eriya da ake so.

A cikin ainihin tsarin ƙira, yawanci ya zama dole don haɗa hanyoyin da ke sama da kuma ƙayyade mafi kyawun matsayi na coaxial feed ta hanyar nazarin simintin gyare-gyare da ainihin sakamakon ma'auni don cimma buƙatun ƙira da alamun aiki na eriyar microstrip. A lokaci guda, nau'ikan eriya na microstrip daban-daban (kamar facin eriya, eriya helical, da sauransu) na iya samun takamaiman la'akari yayin zabar wurin wurin abinci na coaxial, wanda ke buƙatar takamaiman bincike da haɓakawa dangane da takamaiman nau'in eriya da haɓakawa. yanayin aikace-aikace. .

Bambanci tsakanin eriyar microstrip da eriyar faci

Eriyar Microstrip da eriyar faci ƙananan eriya ne na gama gari guda biyu. Suna da wasu bambance-bambance da halaye:

1. Tsari da shimfidawa:

- A microstrip eriya yawanci kunshi microstrip faci da ƙasa farantin. Facin microstrip yana aiki azaman sinadari mai haskakawa kuma an haɗa shi da farantin ƙasa ta layin microstrip.

- Patch eriya gabaɗaya facin madugu ne waɗanda ke da alaƙa kai tsaye a kan madaidaicin dielectric kuma basa buƙatar layin microstrip kamar eriya na microstrip.

2. Girma da siffa:

- Microstrip eriya suna da ɗan ƙaramin girman girman, galibi ana amfani da su a mitar mitar microwave, kuma suna da ƙira mafi sassauƙa.

- Hakanan za'a iya ƙirƙira eriya ta faci don ƙarami, kuma a wasu takamaiman lokuta, girmansu na iya zama ƙarami.

3. Kewayon mitar:

- Mitar kewayon eriyar microstrip na iya zuwa daga ɗaruruwan megahertz zuwa gigahertz da yawa, tare da wasu halaye na faɗaɗa.

- Faci eriya yawanci suna da ingantacciyar aiki a cikin takamaiman maƙallan mitar kuma galibi ana amfani da su a takamaiman aikace-aikacen mitar.

4. Tsarin samarwa:

- Yawancin eriya na microstrip ana yin su ta amfani da fasahar allon da'ira da aka buga, wanda za'a iya samarwa da yawa kuma yana da ƙarancin farashi.

- Ana yin faci eriya yawanci da kayan tushen silicon ko wasu abubuwa na musamman, suna da takamaiman buƙatun sarrafawa, kuma sun dace da ƙaramin tsari.

5. Halayen polarization:

- Ana iya ƙera eriya ta microstrip don polarization na layi ko madauwari, yana ba su wani matakin sassauci.

- Halayen polarization na eriyar facin yawanci suna dogara ne akan tsari da tsarin eriya kuma ba su da sassauƙa kamar eriyar microstrip.

Gabaɗaya, eriyar microstrip da eriyar faci sun bambanta cikin tsari, kewayon mitar, da tsarin masana'antu. Zaɓin nau'in eriya mai dacewa yana buƙatar dogara akan takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikacen da la'akari da ƙira.

Shawarwar samfurin eriya na Microstrip: