Eriya Microwave suna canza siginar lantarki zuwa igiyoyin lantarki na lantarki (kuma akasin haka) ta amfani da ingantattun inginiyoyi. Ayyukan su sun rataya ne akan ka'idoji guda uku:
1. Canjin Wave Electromagnetic
Yanayin Watsawa:
Sigina na RF daga tafiya mai watsawa ta nau'ikan haɗin eriya (misali, SMA, nau'in N) zuwa wurin ciyarwa. Abubuwan da ke tafiyar da eriya (ƙaho/dipoles) suna siffanta raƙuman ruwa zuwa ƙugiya masu nuni da kai.
Yanayin Karɓa:
Lamarin raƙuman ruwa na EM suna haifar da igiyoyi a cikin eriya, sun juya baya zuwa siginar lantarki don mai karɓa
2. Jagoranci & Kula da Radiation
Directivity Eriya yana ƙididdige mayar da hankali kan katako. Eriya mai tsayin daka (misali, ƙaho) tana tattara ƙarfi a cikin kunkuntar lobes, wanda:
Jagoranci (dBi) ≈ 10 log₁₀(4πA/λ²)
Inda A = yanki mai buɗewa, λ = tsayin tsayi.
Samfuran eriya na Microwave kamar jita-jita na parabolic sun cimma> 30 dBi kai tsaye don hanyoyin haɗin tauraron dan adam.
3. Mahimman Abubuwan Da Aka Haɓaka & Matsayinsu
| Bangaren | Aiki | Misali |
|---|---|---|
| Radiating Element | Yana canza kuzarin lantarki-EM | Patch, dipole, slot |
| Ciyarwar hanyar sadarwa | Jagorar raƙuman ruwa tare da ƙarancin asara | Waveguide, layin microstrip |
| Abubuwan da ake so | Haɓaka amincin sigina | Masu canza lokaci, polarizers |
| Masu haɗawa | Interface tare da hanyoyin sadarwa | 2.92mm (40GHz), 7/16 (Babban Pwr) |
4. Ƙirar-Takamaiman Ƙira
<6 GHz: Eriya na Microstrip sun mamaye don ƙaramin girman.
> 18 GHz: Waveguide ƙahonin sun yi fice don ƙarancin asara.
Mahimman Factor: Daidaitawar impedance a masu haɗin eriya yana hana tunani (VSWR <1.5).
Aikace-aikace na Duniya na Gaskiya:
5G Massive MIMO: Microstrip tsararru tare da abubuwan da ba su dace ba don tuƙi.
Radar Systems: Babban kai tsaye na eriya yana tabbatar da ingantacciyar sa ido.
Tauraron Dan Adam Comms: Masu ba da haske suna samun ingantaccen buɗaɗɗen 99%.
Kammalawa: Eriyar Microwave sun dogara da ƙarfin lantarki na lantarki, daidaitattun nau'ikan haɗin eriya, da ingantaccen eriya don watsa/karɓan sigina. Samfuran eriya na ci gaba na microwave suna haɗa abubuwan da ba su da amfani don rage asara da haɓaka kewayo.
Don ƙarin koyo game da eriya, da fatan za a ziyarci:
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-15-2025
