Wannan labarin yana bayyana ƙirar mai sauya RF, tare da zane-zane na toshe, yana kwatanta ƙirar RF mai canzawa da ƙirar RF mai juyawa. Ya ambaci abubuwan mitar da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan mai sauya mitar C-band. Ana aiwatar da ƙirar akan allon microstrip ta amfani da abubuwan RF masu hankali kamar mahaɗan RF, oscillators na gida, MMICs, synthesizers, OCXO reference oscillators, attenuator pads, da dai sauransu.
RF up Converter zane
Mai sauya mitar RF yana nufin jujjuya mitar daga ƙimar ɗaya zuwa waccan. Na'urar da ke juyar da mitoci daga ƙananan ƙima zuwa babban ƙima ana kiranta da mai canzawa. Kamar yadda yake aiki a mitocin rediyo an san shi da RF up Converter. Wannan juzu'in mai juyawa na RF Up yana fassara mitar IF a cikin kewayon kusan 52 zuwa 88 MHz zuwa mitar RF na kusan 5925 zuwa 6425 GHz. Saboda haka an san shi da C-band up Converter. Ana amfani da shi azaman ɓangare na transceiver na RF wanda aka tura a cikin VSAT da ake amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen sadarwar tauraron dan adam.
Hoto-1: RF up Converter block zane
Bari mu ga zane na RF Up Converter part tare da mataki-mataki jagora.
Mataki 1: Nemo Mixers, Local oscillator, MMICs, synthesizer, OCXO reference oscillator, attenuator pads gabaɗaya akwai.
Mataki na 2: Yi lissafin matakin wutar lantarki a matakai daban-daban na jeri musamman a shigar da MMICs kamar yadda ba zai wuce 1dB matsa lamba na na'urar ba.
Mataki na 3: Zane-zane da madaidaitan matattara na tushen Micro a matakai daban-daban don tace mitocin da ba'a so bayan masu haɗawa a cikin ƙira dangane da wane ɓangaren kewayon mitar da kuke son wucewa.
Mataki 4: Yi simintin ta amfani da ofishin microwave ko agilent HP EEsof tare da faɗin madugu masu dacewa kamar yadda ake buƙata a wurare daban-daban akan PCB don zaɓin dielectric kamar yadda ake buƙata don mitar mai ɗaukar hoto RF. Kar a manta da yin amfani da kayan kariya azaman shinge yayin kwaikwayo. Duba sigogin S.
Mataki 5: Samo PCB ƙirƙira kuma siyar da abubuwan da aka siya kuma siyar iri ɗaya.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin toshe zane na adadi-1, madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin ko dai 3 dB ko 6dB yana buƙatar amfani da su tsakanin don kula da matsi na 1dB na na'urori (MMICs da Mixers).
Ana buƙatar yin amfani da oscillator na gida da Synthesizer na mitoci masu dacewa. Don juyawa 70MHz zuwa C band, LO na 1112.5 MHz da Synthesizer na kewayon mitar 4680-5375MHz ana ba da shawarar. Dokar babban yatsan yatsa don zaɓar mahaɗa shine ikon LO yakamata ya zama 10 dB mafi girma fiye da matakin siginar shigarwa mafi girma a P1dB. GCN shine hanyar sadarwar Gain Control Network wanda aka ƙera ta amfani da attenuators na PIN diode wanda ke bambanta attenuation dangane da ƙarfin lantarki na analog. Ka tuna amfani da Band Pass da ƙananan matattarar wucewa kamar kuma lokacin da ake buƙata don tace mitocin da ba'a so da wuce mitocin da ake so.
RF Down mai canzawa zane
Na'urar da ke juyar da mitoci daga ƙima mai girma zuwa ƙarancin ƙima ana kiranta da mai juyawa ƙasa. Kamar yadda yake aiki a mitocin rediyo an san shi da RF down Converter. Bari mu ga ƙirar RF ƙasa mai jujjuyawa tare da jagorar mataki zuwa mataki. Wannan RF mai saukar da juzu'i yana fassara mitar RF a cikin kewayon daga 3700 zuwa 4200 MHz zuwa IF mitar a cikin kewayon daga 52 zuwa 88 MHz. Saboda haka an san shi da C-band down Converter.
Hoto-2: RF down Converter block zane
Hoton-2 yana kwatanta zane mai toshe C band down Converter ta amfani da abubuwan RF. Bari mu ga ƙirar RF ƙasa mai jujjuyawa tare da jagorar mataki zuwa mataki.
Mataki 1: An zaɓi mahaɗan RF guda biyu kamar yadda ƙirar Heterodyne ke canza mitar RF daga kewayon 4 GHz zuwa 1GHz kuma daga kewayon 1 GHz zuwa 70 MHz. Mai haɗin RF da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙirar shine MC24M kuma IF mahaɗin shine TUF-5H.
Mataki 2: An ƙera madaidaitan masu tacewa don amfani da su a matakai daban-daban na mai sauya RF. Wannan ya haɗa da 3700 zuwa 4200 MHz BPF, 1042.5 +/- 18 MHz BPF da 52 zuwa 88 MHz LPF.
Mataki 3: Ana amfani da MMIC amplifier ICs da attenuation pads a wurare masu dacewa kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin zanen toshe don saduwa da matakan wutar lantarki a fitarwa da shigar da na'urorin. Ana zaɓar waɗannan gwargwadon riba da buƙatun buƙatun matsi na RF na ƙasa.
Mataki na 4: RF synthesizer da LO da aka yi amfani da su a cikin ƙirar mai canzawa ana amfani da su a cikin ƙirar mai juyawa ƙasa kamar yadda aka nuna.
Mataki na 5: Ana amfani da masu keɓewar RF a wuraren da suka dace don ba da damar siginar RF ta wuce ta hanya ɗaya (watau gaba) da kuma dakatar da tunanin RF ɗin ta zuwa baya. Don haka an san shi da na'urar uni-directional. GCN tana nufin hanyar sadarwa ta Gain. GCN yana aiki azaman na'ura mai canzawa wanda ke ba da damar saita fitowar RF kamar yadda ake so ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar RF.
Kammalawa: Mai kama da ra'ayoyin da aka ambata a cikin wannan ƙirar mitar RF, mutum na iya ƙirƙira masu sauya mitar a wasu mitoci kamar L band, Ku band da mmwave band.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-07-2023
