A cikin tsarin hasken eriya, babban lobe yana wakiltar babban hasken eriya, wanda ta hanyarsa ake haskawa mafi girma da mafi yawan kuzari.
Girman Beam shine faɗin kusurwa na buɗewa wanda yawancin wutar ke haskakawa. Manyan sigogi guda biyu da ake amfani da su don kwatanta girman beam sune Rabin-Power Beamwidth (HPBW) da Farkon Null Beamwidth (FNBW).
Faɗin Rabin Ƙarfin Wuta (HPBW)
A bisa ga ma'anar da aka saba amfani da ita, rabuwar kusurwa wadda girman tsarin radiation ke raguwa da kashi 50% (watau -3 dB) daga kololuwar babban lobe ana kiranta rabin-power beamwidth.
A wata ma'anar, faɗin haske shine yankin da eriya ke haskaka mafi yawan ƙarfinta, wanda ya yi daidai da yankin da ke kusa da ƙarfin kololuwa. Faɗin haske rabin ƙarfi shine kewayon kusurwa wanda ƙarfin da ke cikin tasirin tasirin eriya ya wuce kashi 50% na ƙarfin kololuwa.
Fassarar Jumla ta HPBW
A kan tsarin hasken, zana layi daga asali zuwa kowane gefen babban lobe a wuraren rabin wutar lantarki. Kusurwar da ke tsakanin waɗannan vectors guda biyu ita ce girman rabin wutar lantarki (HPBW). Hoto mai zuwa yana taimakawa wajen kwatanta wannan ra'ayi.
Hoton yana nuna babban lobe na eriya da kuma wuraren rabin wutar lantarki a kan babban lobe.
Bayyanar Lissafi
Tsarin da aka tsara don faɗin rabin ƙarfin wutar lantarki shine:
inda:
•λ shine tsawon aiki,
•D shine girman buɗewar eriya (yawanci diamita ko tsawon gefe).
Naúrar rabin ƙarfin haske (HPBW) ita ce radian ko digiri.
Farkon Null Beamwidth (FNBW)
A bisa ga ma'anar da aka saba amfani da ita, rabuwar kusurwa tsakanin nulls na farko da ke kusa da babban lobe ana kiranta da null beamwidth na farko.
A taƙaice dai, FNBW ita ce kusurwar kusurwa tsakanin nulls na farko a kowane gefen babban katako.
Fassarar Geometric na FNBW
Daga asalin tsarin hasken, zana layukan da suka yi daidai da babban hasken da ke kowane gefe. Kusurwar da ke tsakanin waɗannan layukan tangent guda biyu ita ce faɗin haske na farko (FNBW). Hoton da ke ƙasa yana taimakawa wajen bayyana wannan ra'ayi a sarari.
Hoton da ke sama yana nuna rabin ƙarfin haske (HPBW) da kuma farkon null beamwidth (FNBW) akan tsarin radiation, tare da manyan lobe da gefe da aka nuna.
Bayyanar Lissafi
Ana iya kimanta alaƙar da ke tsakanin farkon null beamwidth (FNBW) da rabin-power beamwidth (HPBW) kamar haka:
Idan muka maye gurbin HPBW ≈ 70λ/D, mun sami:
inda λ shine tsawon tsayin daka da kuma D shine girman budewar eriya.
Naúrar
Naúrar Farko Null Beamwidth (FNBW) ita ce radian (rad) ko digiri (°).
Tsawon Inganci da Yankin Inganci
Daga cikin sigogin eriya, tsayi mai inganci da yanki mai tasiri suma suna da mahimman ma'auni waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen kimanta aikin eriya.
Tsawon Inganci
Ana amfani da tsawon eriya mai inganci don kwatanta ingancinta na polarization.
Ma'anar: Tsawon tasiri shine rabon girman ƙarfin lantarki na buɗewa a tashoshin eriya mai karɓa zuwa girman ƙarfin filin lantarki da ya faru a cikin alkiblar polarization kamar eriya. Lokacin da raƙuman ruwa suka isa ga shigarwar eriya, yana da wani ƙarfin filin lantarki wanda girmansa ya dogara da polarization na eriya. Wannan polarization ya kamata ya dace da girman ƙarfin lantarki a tashoshin mai karɓa don samun ingantaccen karɓar sigina.
Bayyanar Lissafi
Ma'anar lissafi don tsawon tasiri shine:
inda:
•le shine tsawon eriya mai inganci,
•Voc shine girman ƙarfin lantarki na buɗewa a tashoshin eriya mai karɓa,
•Ei shine girman ƙarfin filin lantarki da ya faru a cikin alkiblar polarization iri ɗaya da eriya.
Yankin Mai Inganci
Ma'ana: Yankin da ya dace shine ɓangaren yankin eriya mai karɓa wanda ke ɗaukar makamashi daga gaban raƙuman ruwa kuma yana mayar da shi siginar lantarki; gabaɗaya ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da yankin buɗewar eriya ta zahiri.
A lokacin liyafar, dukkan yankin zahiri na eriya yana fuskantar barazanar tasirin wutar lantarki, amma wani ɓangare ne kawai ke ɗaukar siginar yadda ya kamata. Ana kiran wannan ɓangaren da yankin da ya dace.
Dalilin da ya sa ake amfani da ƙaramin ɓangare na ƙarfin da ke kan gaba na igiyar ruwa shi ne cewa wani ɓangare na igiyar ruwa tana warwatsewa ta hanyar eriya, yayin da wani ɓangare kuma ana iya warwatsewa azaman zafi. Saboda haka, a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau ba tare da asara ba, yankin da, idan aka ninka shi da yawan ƙarfin da ke kan igiyar ruwa, yana ba da matsakaicin ƙarfin da za a iya samu daga eriya ana kiransa yankin da ya dace.
Yankin da ya fi tasiri galibi ana nuna shi ta hanyarAef.
Don ƙarin koyo game da eriya, da fatan za a ziyarci:
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-30-2026
