Ana yanke eriya ta dipole a lanƙwasa don samun ingantaccen hasken rana. Jimlar tsawon wayar da aka yi amfani da ita azaman dipole daidai yake da rabin tsawon rai (watau, l=λ/2). Wannan nau'in eriya ana kiranta eriya ta dipole ta rabin-wave. Saboda fa'idodinta, ita ce eriya da aka fi amfani da ita, kuma ana kiranta da eriya ta Hertz.
Mita Tsakanin Mita
Eriya mai rabin-wave dipole tana aiki a kan kewayon mita na kimanin 3 kHz zuwa 300 GHz, kuma ana amfani da ita galibi a cikin masu karɓar rediyo.
Tsarin da Ka'idar Aiki na Ramin Rabin Wave
Eriya ce ta dipole ta asali wadda mitar aiki ta yi daidai da rabin tsawon igiyar ruwa; saboda haka, ana kiranta eriya ta dipole ta rabin-wave.
Ƙarshen dipole suna da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki, wanda shine yanayin wutar lantarki mai canzawa (AC). A lokacin kololuwar ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau, electrons suna iya motsawa a hanya ɗaya, yayin da a kololuwar mara kyau, suna motsawa a akasin haka. Ana iya bayanin wannan ta hanyar amfani da hoton da ke ƙasa.
Hoton da ke sama yana nuna ƙa'idar aiki ta dipole na rabin-wave.
Siffa ta 1 tana nuna dipole lokacin da yake cikin rabin zagaye mai kyau na ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar. A wannan lokacin, electrons suna son motsawa zuwa ga cajin mai kyau.
Siffa ta 2 ta nuna dipole a cikin rabin zagaye mara kyau na ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar. A nan, electrons suna son yin nesa da dipole.
Siffa ta 3 tana nuna dipole a cikin rabin zagaye mai kyau na gaba. A wannan lokacin, electrons suna komawa zuwa ga caji.
Wannan tasirin tarin yana haifar da wani nau'in filin lantarki mai bambanci, wanda ke haskakawa a waje a cikin tsari iri ɗaya da wanda aka samar akan dipole da kansa. Saboda haka, fitowar eriya wani tasiri ne na radiation wanda ke bin tsarin lokaci-lokaci na ƙarfin fitarwa. Ta wannan hanyar, dipole na rabin-wave yana cimma ingantaccen radiation.
Hoton da ke sama yana nuna rarrabawar da ake samu a cikin dipole na rabin-wave. Ribar dipole na rabin-wave shine 2.15 dBi, wanda yake da kyau sosai. A nan, harafin "i" yana nufin radiator na isotropic.
Yanayin haske
Tsarin hasken wannan eriya ta dipole ta rabin-wave yana da dukkan hanyoyin sadarwa a cikin H-plane, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikace iri-iri kamar sadarwa ta wayar hannu da karɓar rediyo.
Hoton da ke sama yana nuna tsarin hasken rana na dipole na rabin-wave a cikin H-plane da V-plane.
Ga dipole mai tsawon rabin tsawon tsayi (watau, tsawon sautin farko), radius ɗinsa ba ya shafar tasirin shigarwa. Eriya tana aiki mafi inganci a mitar sautinta, wanda ke faruwa a tsawon sautin sautinta.
Don ƙarin koyo game da eriya, da fatan za a ziyarci:
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-05-2026
