Ribar eriya tana nufin samun ƙarfin da eriya ke samu a wani takamaiman alkibla dangane da eriya mai tushe mai kyau. Tana wakiltar ikon hasken eriya a wani takamaiman alkibla, wato, karɓar sigina ko ingancin fitar da hayaki na eriya a wannan alkibla. Girman ribar eriya, mafi kyawun eriya tana aiki a wani takamaiman alkibla kuma tana iya karɓar ko aika sigina cikin inganci. Galibi ribar eriya ana bayyana ta ne a cikin decibels (dB) kuma ɗaya daga cikin mahimman alamomi don kimanta aikin eriya.
Na gaba, zan kai ku don fahimtar ƙa'idodin asali na ribar eriya da yadda ake ƙididdige ribar eriya, da sauransu.
1. Ka'idar samun eriya
A ka'ida, ribar eriya ita ce rabon yawan ƙarfin sigina da eriya ta ainihi da eriya ta tushen ma'ana ta dace da ita a wani matsayi a sararin samaniya a ƙarƙashin ikon shigarwa iri ɗaya. An ambaci manufar eriya ta tushen ma'ana a nan. Menene ita? A zahiri, eriya ce da mutane ke tunanin fitar da sigina iri ɗaya, kuma tsarin hasken siginar ta shine yanki mai yaɗuwa iri ɗaya. A zahiri, eriya suna da alkiblar samun hasken (wanda daga nan ake kira saman radiation). Siginar da ke kan saman radiation za ta fi ƙarfin hasken eriya ta tushen ma'ana ta ka'ida, yayin da hasken sigina a wasu hanyoyi ya raunana. Kwatanta ainihin ƙimar da ƙimar ka'ida a nan ita ce ribar eriya.
Hoton yana nuna hotonRM-SGHA42-10Samfurin samfurin Samun bayanai
Ya kamata a lura cewa eriya masu wucewa da mutane ke gani ba wai kawai ba sa ƙara ƙarfin watsawa ba, har ma suna cinye ƙarfin watsawa. Dalilin da ya sa har yanzu ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin riba shine saboda an sadaukar da wasu alkibla, an tattara alkiblar radiation, kuma an inganta yawan amfani da siginar.
2. Lissafin ribar eriya
Ribar eriya a zahiri tana wakiltar matakin hasken wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, don haka tana da alaƙa da tsarin hasken eriya. Fahimtar gabaɗaya ita ce, yayin da babban lobe ya fi kunkuntar kuma ƙaramin lobe na gefe a cikin tsarin hasken eriya, mafi girman ribar. To ta yaya za a ƙididdige ribar eriya? Ga eriya ta gabaɗaya, ana iya amfani da dabarar G (dBi) = 10Lg {32000/(2θ3dB, E × 2θ3dB, H)} don kimanta ribar ta. dabarar,
2θ3dB, E da 2θ3dB, H su ne faɗin hasken eriya a kan manyan jiragen sama guda biyu bi da bi; 32000 shine bayanan kididdiga na gwaji.
To me zai faru idan na'urar watsawa mara waya ta 100mw tana da eriya mai riba na +3dbi? Da farko, mayar da wutar watsawa zuwa gain sigina dbm. Hanyar lissafi ita ce:
100mw=10lg100=20dbm
Sannan a lissafta jimillar ƙarfin watsawa, wanda yayi daidai da jimillar ƙarfin watsawa da kuma ribar eriya. Hanyar lissafi ita ce kamar haka:
20dbm+3dbm=23dbm
A ƙarshe, an sake ƙididdige ƙarfin watsawa daidai kamar haka:
10^(23/10) ≈200mw
A wata ma'anar, eriya mai samun +3dbi na iya ninka ƙarfin watsawa daidai gwargwado.
3. Eriya masu amfani da riba
Eriya na na'urorin sadarwa marasa waya namu na yau da kullun eriya ne masu juyawa zuwa gefe. Fuskar hasken sa tana kan layin kwance a tsaye kusa da eriya, inda yawan hasken ya fi yawa, yayin da hasken da ke sama da ƙasan eriya ya yi rauni sosai. Yana kama da ɗaukar jemage na sigina da daidaita shi kaɗan.
Ribar eriya kawai "siffanta" siginar ce, kuma girman ribar yana nuna yawan amfani da siginar.
Akwai kuma eriya ta faranti gama gari, wadda yawanci eriya ce mai kusurwa. Fuskar haskenta tana cikin yankin da ke da siffar fanka kai tsaye a gaban faranti, kuma siginar da ke wasu wurare sun yi rauni gaba ɗaya. Yana kama da ƙara murfin haske ga kwan fitila.
A takaice, eriya masu amfani da wutar lantarki suna da fa'idodin dogon zango da ingantaccen ingancin sigina, amma dole ne su sadaukar da hasken rana a kowace hanya (yawanci alkiblar da aka ɓata). Eriya masu amfani da wutar lantarki galibi suna da babban kewayon alkibla amma gajere. Lokacin da samfuran mara waya suka bar masana'anta, masana'antun gabaɗaya suna saita su bisa ga yanayin amfani.
Ina so in ba da shawarar wasu ƙarin samfuran eriya masu fa'ida ga kowa:
RM-BDHA056-11（0.5-6GHz）
RM-DCPHA105145-20A(10.5-14.5GHz)
RM-SGHA28-10(26.5-40GHz)
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-26-2024
