Labarai - Ka'idar ribar eriya, yadda ake lissafta ribar eriya

Ribar eriya tana nufin samun hasken wutar lantarki na eriya a cikin takamammen shugabanci dangane da madaidaicin eriyar tushe.Yana wakiltar ƙarfin radiation na eriya a cikin takamaiman shugabanci, wato, karɓar sigina ko ingancin fitar da eriya ta wannan hanyar.Mafi girman ribar eriya, mafi kyawun eriya tana aiki a takamaiman hanya kuma tana iya karɓar ko watsa sigina cikin inganci.Ribar eriya yawanci ana bayyana shi a cikin decibels (dB) kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman alamomi don kimanta aikin eriya.

Na gaba, zan kai ku don fahimtar ainihin ka'idodin samun eriya da yadda ake ƙididdige ribar eriya, da sauransu.

1. Ka'idar samun eriya

Maganar ka'ida, ribar eriya ita ce rabon ƙarfin siginar da aka samar ta ainihin eriya da madaidaicin eriya ta tushe a wani matsayi a sarari ƙarƙashin ikon shigarwa iri ɗaya.An ambaci manufar eriya tushen batu anan.Menene?A haƙiƙa, eriya ce da mutane ke tunanin tana fitar da sigina daidai gwargwado, kuma tsarin siginar ta siginar siginar sa wani yanki ne mai yaduwa iri ɗaya.A zahiri, eriya suna da kwatancen samun radiyo (nan gaba ana kiranta da saman radiation).Sigina akan farfajiyar radiation zai kasance da ƙarfi fiye da ƙimar radiation na eriyar ma'anar tushe, yayin da siginar siginar a wasu kwatance ya raunana.Kwatanta tsakanin ainihin ƙimar da ƙimar ka'idar anan shine ribar eriya.

Hoton yana nunaRM-SGHA42-10samfurin samfurin Samun bayanai

Yana da kyau a lura cewa eriya masu wucewa waɗanda talakawa ke gani ba wai kawai suna haɓaka ƙarfin watsawa ba, har ma suna cinye ƙarfin watsawa.Dalilin da ya sa har yanzu ana la'akari da samun riba shi ne saboda an sadaukar da wasu kwatance, ana mayar da hankalin radiation, kuma ana inganta ƙimar amfani da sigina.

2. Lissafin ribar eriya

Ribar eriya a haƙiƙa tana wakiltar matakin tattara hasken wutar lantarki, don haka yana da alaƙa da ƙirar eriya ta kud da kud.Fahimtar gabaɗaya ita ce, kunkuntar babban lobe da ƙarami na gefen lobe a cikin ƙirar eriya, mafi girman riba.Don haka ta yaya za a ƙididdige ribar eriya?Don eriya ta gaba ɗaya, ana iya amfani da dabarar G (dBi) = 10Lg {32000/(2θ3dB, E × 2θ3dB, H)} don kimanta ribarsa.dabara,
2θ3dB, E da 2θ3dB, H sune nisa na eriya akan manyan jiragen sama guda biyu bi da bi;32000 shine bayanan ƙididdiga na ƙididdiga.

Don haka menene ma'anar idan mai watsa mara waya ta 100mw yana sanye da eriya tare da riba na + 3dbi?Da farko, maida ikon watsawa zuwa sigina riba dbm.Hanyar lissafin ita ce:

100mw=10lg100=20dbm

Sannan lissafta jimlar ikon watsawa, wanda yayi daidai da jimillar wutar watsawa da ribar eriya.Hanyar lissafin ita ce kamar haka:

20dbm+3dbm=23dbm

A ƙarshe, ana sake ƙididdige makamantan ikon watsawa kamar haka:

10^ (23/10) 200mw

A takaice dai, eriyar riba +3dbi na iya ninka ƙarfin watsa daidai.

3. Antenna riba gama gari

Eriya na mu na yau da kullun mara waya ta eriya ce ta ko'ina.Fuskokinsa na radiation yana kan jirgin da ke kwance daidai da eriya, inda tasirin radiation ya fi girma, yayin da hasken da ke sama da kasa na eriya ya raunana sosai.Yana da ɗan ɗaukar jemage na sigina da daidaita shi kaɗan.

Ribar eriya shine kawai "sanya" siginar, kuma girman riba yana nuna ƙimar amfani da siginar.

Akwai kuma eriyar farantin gama gari, wacce yawanci eriya ce ta jagora.Fuskokinsa na radiation yana cikin yanki mai siffar fan kai tsaye a gaban farantin, kuma sigina a wasu wuraren sun raunana gaba daya.Yana kama da ƙara murfin haske zuwa kwan fitila.

A takaice, eriya masu riba mai yawa suna da fa'idodin dogon zango da ingantaccen siginar sigina, amma dole ne su sadaukar da radiation ta kowane kwatance (yawanci kwatancen da ba a yi amfani da su ba).Eriya masu ƙarancin riba gabaɗaya suna da babban kewayon jagora amma gajeriyar kewayo.Lokacin da samfuran mara waya suka bar masana'anta, masana'antun gabaɗaya suna saita su gwargwadon yanayin amfani.

Ina so in ba da shawarar ƙarin samfuran eriya tare da riba mai kyau ga kowa: